Ua piʻi iki ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana o nā kaʻa ʻEulopa i Sepatemaba, ʻo ka piʻi mua o kēia makahiki, hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike ʻoihana ma ka Pōʻalima, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻoihana kaʻa i kekahi mau mākeke ʻEulopa kahi i haʻahaʻa ai nā maʻi coronavirus.

I Kepakemapa, ua piʻi ka hoʻopaʻa inoa kaʻa hou e 1.1% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 1.3 miliona mau kaʻa i ka European Union,

ʻO Beretania a me nā ʻāina ʻo European Free Trade Association (EFTA), hōʻike ʻia nā helu mai ka European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (ACEA).

ʻElima mau mākeke nui loa o ʻEulopa, akā naʻe, ua hoʻopuka i nā hopena like ʻole.Ua hōʻike ʻo Sepania, United Kingdom a me Palani i nā poho, ʻoiai ua piʻi ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ma Italia a me Kelemānia, ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili.

Ua piʻi ka kūʻai ʻana o Volkswagen Group a me Renault e 14,1% a me 8,1% i Kepakemapa, ʻoiai ʻo PSA Group i hōʻike i kahi hāʻule o 14,1%.

Ua hoʻopuka nā kaʻa kaʻa nani i nā poho i ka mahina ʻo Kepakemapa me ka hāʻule ʻana o ke kūʻai aku o BMW he 11.9% a me ka hoʻokūkū ʻo Daimler e hōʻike ana i kahi hāʻule 7.7%.

I nā mahina ʻeiwa mua o ka makahiki, ua hāʻule ke kūʻai aku e 29.3% no ka mea ua hoʻokau ka laka coronavirus i nā mea hana kaʻa e pani i nā lumi hōʻikeʻike ma ʻEulopa.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea haʻalulu ma waena o ke kino kaʻa a me ka huila, me kahi pūnāwai.ʻO ka elasticity o kahi puna wai haʻalulu mai ka ʻili o ke alanui, eia naʻe, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ke kaʻa ma muli o kona ʻano kūpaʻa.Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻāpana i nā haʻalulu maʻemaʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo "shock absorber", a ʻo ka ikaika kū'ē viscous i kapa ʻia ʻo "damping force".
He huahana koʻikoʻi nā mea hoʻopale haʻalulu e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano o ke kaʻa, ʻaʻole wale ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka holo akā ma ka hana pū ʻana e hoʻomalu i ke ʻano a me ke kūpaʻa o ke kaʻa.